LingData | Linguistic Datasets - Translation
Grammatology Glossary: Chinese-English comparison table of grammatology terms
As we all know, due to the outstanding ideographic characteristics of Chinese characters, grammatology has a long history in China and is very popular. However, since the late Qing Dynasty, the Chinese-English translation of ancient grammatology terminology, has encountered considerable difficulties. Fortunately, some scholars have noticed this problem. For example, in this article, the following part is the translation of two Berkeley scholars.In addition, Chinese scholars have also published works. The more authoritative ones include Sha Zongyuan's "A Study on the Standardization of Grammatology Terminology" (Anhui University Press, 2008), and "Linguistic Terminology" by the Linguistic Terminology Review Committee (The Commercial Press, 2011). The former is part of the work of the latter."A Study on the Standardization of Grammatology Terminology" can be found in YineShi (Index 引得市). (Comment by Zhao Jinyun)The terminology of "Linguistic Terminology" can be searched on the website named "terminology online-an authoritative terminology knowledge service platform", by the National Scientific and Technical Terminology Review Committee.At present, we are integrating the above information together. The test Beta version address is https://lingdata.org/terms/. But several functions have not been completed yet, thank you for understanding.衆所周知，由於中國文字突出的表意特徵，文字學在中國源遠流長，蔚爲大觀。然而自晚清以來的中英翻譯中，古老的文字學術語却遇到了不小的困難。幸運的是，已經有學者注意到這個問題。比如此篇文章，即下表就是伯克利兩位學者的翻譯。此外，中國學者也有成果問世，比較權威的有沙宗元的《文字學術語規範研究》（安徽大學出版社，2008），語言學名詞審定委員會的《語言學名詞》（商務印書館，2011），前者是後者工作的一部分。《文字學術語規範研究》可在引得市（Index 引得市）中查詢。（via 趙瑾昀評論）《語言學名詞》的術語可到全國科學技術名詞審定委員會的術語在綫網站（术语在线-权威的术语知识服务平台）查詢。目前，我們正在將上述資料整合到一起，測試Beta版地址為 https://lingdata.org/terms/ ，部分功能尚未完成，請諒解。A. English-Chineseabbreviated phonetic，省聲abbreviated signific，省形abstract graph，抽象字abstract representations，抽象的象形符號abstract symbol，抽象的形符allograph, variant, alternate way of writing，異體（字）altered graph，變體字alternate concentration of functions between two graphs，兩個字的職務的交互集中alternate form, variant form，或體alteration of phonetic symbols，改換音符alteration of semantic symbols，改換意符ancient and modern forms/graphs，古今字ancient script form，古文binome，雙音節詞borrowed graph, borrowing，通假字borrowed meaning，假借義borrowing of both the sound and form of the borrowed graph，形音兼借字borrowing of graphic shape，形借bronze clan inscription，族徽金文bronze clan name，族名金文Chinese characters in common use，通用漢字Chinese characters in general use，使用的漢字clan emblem，族徽classifier，類符clerical script，隸書close in pronunciation，音近cognate，同源詞complex pictorial graph，復雜象物字component, element，旁composite graph/character，合體字compound graph，合文concentration of lexical functions，文字職務的集中concurrently polyphonic and polysemic forms，一形（字）多音義consolidation of variant forms，異體字整理conventional form，習用字corruption，訛變current forms，通行字dedicated form，專用字deformation of phonetics，聲旁的破壞deictic，指事deictic graph, deictograph，指示字deictic symbol，指示符號derivational relationship，造字相承的關系derivation of new words，派生新詞derivate, derived form，派生詞determinative，定符differentiated graph/form，分化字differentiation，分化differentiation of graphic forms，字形分化different graphs sharing the same graphic shapes，異字同形dispersal of the lexical loads of graphs，分散文字職務dispersal of the lexical loads of polysemic graphs，分散多義字職務distribution of lexical loads among allographs，異體字分工disyllabic，雙音詞disyllabic compound，雙音節復合詞disyllabic morpheme，雙音節語素disyllabic reduplicative phrase，疊字雙音詞emblem，圖形etymology，語源etymon，母詞extended meaning/sense，引申義free morpheme，單獨詞fully integrated writing system，完整的文字體系grammatology，文字學graphic abbreviation，省略偏旁字形graphic borrowing，假借用法graphic component，偏旁graphic consolidation，文字的合幷graphic derivates，文字孳乳graphic form，字體graphic form, graphic shape，字形graphs having multiple uses，一字多用graphic loans，文字假借graphic symbol，文字符號graphic symbol，字符historically interchangeable graphs，歷史通用字homography/homograph，同形字homophone，同音字homophonous cognates，同音的同源詞homophonous or nearly homophonous graph，同音或音近的字homophonous speller，直音iconography，圖identification mark ，標記identificational inscription，記名金文ideographic writing，表意文字indiscriminate interchange，彼此混用interchange of phonetics，聲旁的代換interchange of signifies，形旁的代換interchangeable graphs，通用字late semanto-phonetic script，後期意(符)音(符)文字lexical meaning, a word's meaning，詞意linearization，線條化loaned phonetic symbols，借音符loangraph, jiajie, borrowing，假借matrigraph，母字mature standard script，成熟的楷書meaning，意義modem form/graph，今字monosyllabic morpheme，單音節語素morphemes with the same graphic form，同形語素morphemic graph，語素字morphemic symbol，語素的符號morphemic writing/script，語素文字morphemo-syllabic script/writing，語素——音節文字multi-functional graph，一字多職multiple phonetics，多聲multiple semantic components，多形mutual exchange of lexical functions，職務互易neo-clerical script，新隸體new derived form，派生出新詞new graph, later form, younger graph，後起字non-composite characters，獨體字non-phonetic type characters，非形聲結構non-syssemantic，非會意字numerical symbols，記數符號one syllable ending in a nasal and the other in a non-nasal，陰陽對轉original meaning，本來意義original meaning, original sense，本義orthograph，本字phonemic script，音素文字phonetic，聲旁phonetic, phonetic symbol/element，音符phonetic component，表音偏旁phonetic script，拼音文字phonetic symbol，表音符號phonetic symbol, phonetic，注音符phonogram，形聲字phonogram, phonetic letters，表音字phonological borrowing, borrowing，通假phonological variation，聲韻通轉phonology，語音pictograph，象形字pictographic，象形pictographic aspect，圖畫意味pictographic protoform，象形初文pictographic sense，圖形意味pictographic symbol，象形符號pictographic symbol，形符pictorial，圖形式pictorial graph，象物字pictorial semantogram，圖形式表意字pictorial syssemantograph，圖形式會意字picture, pictorial representation，圖畫polygraphy，一詞多形polysemic graph，多義字polysyllabic，多音詞popular character, vulgarism，俗字popular form, vulgar form，俗體popular orthograph，俗本字popular script，通俗文字primitive meaning，原始的意義primative writing，原始文字pronunciation of characters，字音proper graph，正字protoform，初文purely phonetic element，純音符quasi-allographs，部分異體字quasi-composite characters，準合體字quasi-composite semantograph，準合體表意字quasi-pictorial graph，象事字radical，部reading and meaning，音義reading, pronunciation，讀音scholars of the script, grammatologist; students of the script，文字學者seal script，篆文segmentation of graphs into strokes，筆畫化semantic，字義semantic component，表意偏旁semantic extension，引申semantic extension，語義引申semantic symbol，表意符號semantic symbol，意符semantograph，表意字semantographic protoform，表意初文semantographic symbol，義符semanto-phonetic script，意(符)音(符)文字semanto-phonetic-sign script，意符音符記號文字semantophoric phonetic, semanto-phoric phonogram, phonetics that convey meaning，有意的聲旁semi-semantograph，半記號半表意字semi-sign (character)，半記號字semi-sign and semi-phonogram，半記號半表音字sign，記號sign, sign graph，記號字signific, semantic component，形旁signific, semantic symbol，注意符simplification of Chinese script，漢字簡化simultaneously syssemantic and phonetic compound graph，會意兼形聲字simultaneously a phonetic and a signific, phonetic symbols which are concurrently semantic symbols，音符兼意符six principles theory of Chinese script，六書說standard form，正體standard script，楷書syllabic script，音節文字syllabograms，音節符號symbol，符號synonymic interchange ，同義換讀syssemantograph，會意字three principles theory of Chinese script，三書說transitional writing，過度文字Tri-script Stone Classics，三體石經trisyllabic morpheme，三音節語素variant forms associated with different writing traditions，重文variant forms of a single graph，一字異體wordbook，字書word writing，詞文字word-syllabic writing/script，詞——音節文字writing system，文字體系younger orthograph，後起本字B. Chinese-English半記號半表意字，semi-semantogram半記號半表音字，semi-sign and semi-phonogram半記號字，semi-sign (character)本來意義，original meaning本義，original meaning, original sense本字，orthograph變體字，altered graph標記，identification mark表意初文，semantographic protoform表意符號，semantic symbols表意偏旁，semantic component表意文字，ideographic writing表意字，semantogram表音偏旁，phonetic component表音符號，phonetic symbol表音字，phonogram, phonetic letters彼此混用，indiscriminate interchange筆畫化，segmentation of graphs into strokes部，radical部分異體字，quasi-allographs成熟的楷書，mature standard script重文，variant forms associated with different writing traditions抽象的象形符號，abstract representations抽象的形符，abstract symbol抽象字，abstract graph純音符，purely phonetic element初文，protoform詞文字，word writing詞意，lexical meaning, a word's meaning詞——音節文字，word-syllabic writing/script單獨詞，free morpheme單音節語素，monosyllabic morpheme疊字雙音詞，disyllabic reduplicative phrase定符，determinative獨體字，non-composite characters多聲，multiple phonetics多形，multiple semantic components多義字，polysemic graph多音詞，polysyllabic讀音，reading, pronunciation訛變，corruption非會意字，nonsyssemantic非形聲結構，non-phonetic type characters分化，differentiation分化字，differentiated graph/form分散多義字職務，dispersal of the lexical loads of polysemic graphs分散文字職務，dispersal of the lexical loads of graphs符號，symbol復雜象物字，complex pictorial graph改換意符，alteration of semantic symbols改換音符，alteration of phonetic symbols古今字，ancient and modern forms/graphs古文，ancient script form過度文字，transitional writing漢字簡化，simplification of Chinese script合體字，composite graph/character合文，compound graph後起本字，younger orthography後期意（符）音（符）文字，late semanto-phonetic script後起字，new graph, later form, younger graph會意兼形聲字，simultaneously syssemantic and phonetic compound graph會意字，syssemantograph或體，alternate form, variant form假借，loangraph, jiajie, borrowing假借用法，graphic borrowing假借義，borrowed meaning借音符，loaned phonetic symbols記號，sign記號字，sign, sign graph記名金文，identificational inscription今字，modern form/graph記數符號，numerical symbols楷書，standard script類符，classifier兩個字的職務的交互集中，alternate concentration of functions between two graphs歷史通用字，historically interchangeable graphs隸書，clerical script六書說，six principles theory of Chinese script母詞，etymon母字，matrigraph派生詞，derivate, derived form派生出新詞，new derived form派生新詞，derivation of new words旁，component, element偏旁，graphic component拼音文字，phonetic script三書說，three principles theory of Chinese script三體石經，Tri-script Stone Classics三音節語素，trisyllabic morpheme省略偏旁字形，graphic abbreviation聲旁，phonetic聲旁的代換，interchange of phonetics聲旁的破壞，deformation of phonetics省聲，abbreviated phonetic省形，abbreviated signific聲韻通轉，phonological variation使用的漢字，Chinese characters in general use雙音詞，disyllabic雙音節復合詞，dislyllabic compound雙音節詞，binome雙音節語素，disyllabic morpheme俗本字，popular orthography俗體，popular form, vulgar form俗字，popular character, vulgarism通假，phonological borrowing, borrowing通假字，borrowed graph, borrowing通俗文字，popular script同形語素，morphemes with the same graphic forms通行字，current forms同形字，homography/homographs同義換讀，synonymic interchange同音的同源詞，homophonous cognates同音或音近的字，homophonous or nearly homophonous graph同音字，homophone通用漢字，Chinese characters in common use通用字，interchangeable graphs同源詞，cognate圖，iconograph圖畫，picture, pictorial representation圖畫意味，pictographic aspect圖形，emblem圖形意味，pictographic sense圖形式，pictorial圖形式表意字，pictorial semantogram圖形式會意字，pictorial syssemantic graph完整的文字體系，a fully integrated writing system文字的合幷，graphic consolidation文字符號，graphic symbol文字假借，graphic loans文字體系，writing system文字學，grammatology文字學者，scholars of the script, grammatologist; students of the script文字孳乳，graphic derivates文字職務的集中，concentration of lexical functions習用字，conventional form線條化，linearization象事字，quasi-pictorial graph象物字，pictorial graph象形，pictographic象形初文，pictographic protoform象形符號，pictographic symbol象形字，pictograph形符，pictographic symbol形借，borrowing of graphic shape形旁，signific, semantic component形旁的代換，interchange of signifies形聲字，phonogram形音兼借字，the borrowing of both the sound and form of the borrowed graph新隸體，neo-clerical script一詞多形，polygraphy意符，semantic symbol義符，semantographic symbol意（符）音（符）文字，semanto-phonetic script意（符）音（符）記號文字，semanto-phonetic-sign script音符，phonetic, phonetic symbol/ element音符兼意符，simultaneously a phonetic and a signific, phonetic symbols which are concurrently semantic symbols音節符號，syllabogram音節文字，syllabic script音近，close in pronunciation引申，semantic extension引申義，extended meaning/sense音素文字，phonemic script陰陽對轉，one syllable ending in a nasal and the other in a non-nasal音義，reading and meaning異體（字），allograph, variant, alternate way of writing異體字分工，distribution of lexical loads among allographs異體字整理，consolidation of variant forms一形（字）多音義，concurrently polyphonic and polysemic forms意義，meaning一字異體，variant forms of a single graph一字多用，graphs having multiple uses一字多職，multi-functional graph異字同形，different graphs sharing the same graphic shapes有意的聲旁，semantophoric phonetic, semantophoric phonogram, phonetics that convey meaning原始的意義，primitive meaning原始文字，primitive writing語素的符號，morphemic symbol語素字，morphemic graph語素文字，morphemic writing/script語素——音節文字，morphemo-syllabic script/writing語義引申，semantic extension語音，phonology語源，etymology造字相承的關系，derivational relationship正體，standard form正字，proper graph指事，deictic指示符號，deictic symbol指示字，deictic graph, deictograph職務互易，mutual exchange of lexical functions直音，homophonous speller篆文，seal script專用字，dedicated form準合體字，quasi-composite characters準合體表意字，quasi-composite semantogram注意符，signific, semantic symbol注音符，phonetic symbol, phonetic字符，graphic symbol字書，wordbook字體，graphic form字形，graphic form, graphic shape字形分化，differentiation of graphic forms字義，semantic字音，pronunciation of characters族徽，clan emblem族徽金文，bronze clan inscription族名金文，bronze clan nameResource：Chinese Writing by Qiu Xigui; translated by Gilbert L. Mattos and Jerry Norman.Society for the Study of Early China : Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 2000.